How Is The UK Newspaper Industry Attempting To Combat The Fall In Print Circulation?

The UK newspaper industry is attempting to combat the fall in print circulation by using websites and apps to distribute information. Many newspapers have online sites where there articles are published. The websites make money by having advertisers advertise on these sites, however this does not match the amount made by the purchase of a copy in circulation so it does not close the gap on how much money the news brands are losing. Through posting article links on twitter and facebook news brands are able to amass a large following in which advertisers will pay a lot of money for ads to be put on these pages because it will be viewed by lots of people. Other news brands such as the telegraph have a paywall where people pay a subscription to the newspaper in order to view their content and articles. News brands may also advertise competitions on their paper to encourage more people to purchase them in circulation as they could be in the chance of winning something. 

How Is Media Language Used By The Duffer Brothers To Present Representations Of Character And Setting

Scene 1

Media language is used by the duffer brothers to present representations of character and setting in the opening scene when we see the lab man running down the corridor. He is represented to be weak and impotent. We know this man is intelligent and of importance because of his costume he is dressed in a smart suit with a lab coat showing he is a scientist and someone we would normally trust or be reliant on, because he is a scientist, we can infer that this is an experiment gone wrong. However, the use of lighting, flashing lights and alarms signals to the audience that something has gone wrong and it evokes a feeling of panic. The camera angle as the man is running around the corridors is a mid-shot to convey the emotion properly and we can see by his face he is worried and out of breath. We then get an over the should angle of him looking behind him this signify's that something if following him or he is being chased. A close-up shot is then used on the elevator button and the man pushing it repeatably emphasizing that he is in hurry drawing our attention to the fact that lives could be in danger as it is so urgent that he gets away from whatever is chasing him. Once the man gets in the lift, we see a point of view shot from the man's perspective looking down the corridor whilst he is potentially safely in the lift which heightens the tension because as an audience our instinct is to think that something is going to scare us by running down the corridor. This is subverted when we get a close up ariel shot of the man looking up into the elevator to signifying to the audience that something scary is above him. As he looks up, we hear monster like noises to show that whatever is chasing him is not of our understanding as it is not a familiar sound. We have another mid shot whilst the lift doors close and the man is lifted into the ceiling, but the doors are closed before we can see what it is taking him. The lighting throughout this scene is dark and low suggesting an element of secrecy and things that are trying to be hidden or concealed because of the use of shadows also. The setting implies that this is a government facility because of its basic minimal look with bare walls and floors making it look like lab corridors. This builds a representation of the scientist being afraid and panicked which subverts the normal power structure of society as it shows the people who we put in charge in the government to be weak and useless in a time of crisis making this scene a commentary on the government. 

Scene 2

Media language is also used to create a representation of Hopper. The first scene we meet Hopper he is represented as lazy and slobbish. The scene begins with an establishing shot of Hoppers house showing all he is unorganized and messy. We have a wide shot of him lying on his sofa in the morning asleep. We can hear the TV is still on playing from the night before showing that he has perhaps gotten so intoxicated he has passed out on his sofa unable to make it into his bed. The use of props such as beer cans on the coffee table imply that he is a heavy drinker as well as the ash tray imply that he is also a heavy smoker. Hoppers costume of jeans we can infer were worn the day before and he fell asleep in them with no shirt show a lack of hygiene or caring.  We the see a close up of him looking at his watch showing the importance of the time implying he is probably late to be somewhere. His facial expression shows that he is tired and disorientated probably because of a hangover. We then have another establishing shot of the forest which has connotations of health and freshness which is juxtaposed as it pans over to Hopper who is shirtless smoking on his porch when smoking obviously has connotations of disease and an unhealthy lifestyle.  The constant referral lot smoking and drinking could suggest that Hopper is under stress and that is his coping mechanism to relive. We also see a close up shot of his medicines and pills on the bathroom counter this draws out attention further to the idea that he is depressed or something traumatic has happened in his life which we later learn is his daughter's death. Next, we have a series of close ups that show him putting on his uniform emphasizing the gun and the badge to show that he is a police officer. This is not expected after we have just seen the state he has woke up in. This subverts the normal representations we have of police officers being strong and protective hero's when Hopper is represented to not even be able to look after himself let alone the town. This may foreshadow the fact that the adults in Hawkins will not be able to solve the case and it will be the younger generation who are ignored and undermined who are able to solve the case.

Scene 3

Media language is used to create a representation of Joyce byers in the firsts scene we meet her she is presented as rushes and stressed. The scene opens with an establishing shot of the Byers house, which in comparison to the wheelers house is quite small and run down implying a lack of income. One of Joyce's first lines is her calling out to Jonathan for help, her eldest son, showing her reliance on him for everything because she is a single mother. Joyce has Jonathan making breakfast, taking Will to school and making sure he came home the night before because she is always working and has no one else who is able to do it. This would explain the lower amount of income for their home. We can also infer this because Jonathan later reveals the reason he did not make sure Will was home was because he was picking up extra shifts showing he is also relied on for income in the house meaning that Joyce puts lots of responsibility onto him because Will has no father figure besides Jonatan. Throughout the scene there are wide/mid shots where we ae able to see the clutter in the house because no one has time to clear up as they are all always working because the most important thing will seemingly be having enough money to put food onto the table. We then see another juxtaposition between the Byers and the Wheelers when they are on the phone. The lighting in the Wheeler house is bright and sunny shining onto the table where as in the Byers house it is quite drab and dark. The Byers have a single mother with the older brother doing everything he can to help and they’ve managed to lose Will contrasted with the seemingly prefect family unit of mum and dad with 3 brothers and sisters all sitting around the table having breakfast together. All of this builds the representation that Joyce is a very busy, hardworking single mother who is struggling to stay afloat. She is constantly out of breath throughout the scene from rushing around and her facial expressions are always stressed signifying how much she has to do within the household. This almost makes it inevitable that something was going to happen to their son because everyone is so busy they forgot about Will. So busy they didn’t even realize until just before he had to go to school that he hadn’t gotten up yet.

Stranger Things Scene Analysis

Benny's Death Scene
S1EP1 38:50 - 40:30

In this clip the scene is set in the back of Benny's kitchen with kitchen appliances and props forming most of the mise en scene. The scene is mostly dark tones and colours contrasted by Eleven in a bright yellow t shirt perhaps establishing her significance in the scene. Through the dialogue Benny is constructed as a strong protective almost father figure for Eleven. The scene shifts once someone knocks on the door because we move from mostly over the shoulder shots of Benny and Elevens conversation to a close up focused shot of Elevens worried face to signify that someone arriving at the door is disturbing to her and incites worry to the audience. When. Benny opens the door to the social services woman we hear crickets and a radio which is a peaceful moment that contrasts harshly with what is about to come almost tricking the audience into thinking there will be a resolution. Once invites the woman in the scene shifts as she pulls out a gun and shoots him. We see this through Elevens point of view so we can understand the further trauma she is seeing and going through. As soon as the trigger is pulled fast music begins signifying adrenaline or panic to the audience because this was non diegetic sound that the characters could not hear. Having Benny die shows us that it is dangerous to be close or associated with eleven because she is wanted by the government. This sets us up for later when the boys become her protective of her as we worry the same thing may happen to them. Most of this scene is a mid shot to show the focus on the body language and facial expression of the characters as we see elevens worried face and her body spring into action signifying she is being chased. As eleven runs away she pushes through numerous doors before she is confronted by two smartly dressed men, emphasizing their status and the fact they are not the same as Eleven, pointing guns at her which we see through her point of view, again signifying her vulnerable state as now she is alone without Benny to help her. We then see a tall man with White hair (Dr Brenner) come through the main door with two more men behind him in a triangle formation signifying his importance. The characters hear a large static sound from the back kitchen making their heads turn as the shot closes up on their face emphasizing that they think they know where Eleven is at this point putting her in danger. This also conveys that perhaps the sound is familiar to them like it is normal and they associate it with Eleven which is puzzling to the audience because it is not a regular earthly sound. We then see a mid shot of Dr Brenner walking through the back kitchen with plates and doors crashing showing the state of chaos. He finds Eleven is gone and the two men threatening Eleven with guns lying on the floor dead. This also establishes the children in the film as intellectually superior to the adults as she can outsmart the government officials. This subverts the normal power structure of society giving the power and control to those you wouldn't expect like children, becoming a social commentary of the government. This also links to the idea that the duffer brothers were heavily influenced by their interest in the cold war and the secrecy surrounding the government during this time period. This is reflected by the mystery surrounding Dr Brenner and why he wants Eleven as it is known many secret corrupt government experiments took place during the cold war. Following this moment Dr Brenner runs outside looking confused as he stares outside the shot widens onto the vast forest demonstrating that Eleven has successfully escaped the government again and will not be easily found in such environment as the forest has many connotations of being lost including the first moment in the episode when Will Byers last known location to the characters is in the forest before he was lost.

Mike,Lucas And Dustin Arriving at School The Day After Wills Disappearacne
S1EP1 12:20 - 14:00 

The scene opens with a wide establishing shot of Hawkins middle School with Mike, Lucas and Dustin riding their bikes into school. The school, students, a large yellow school bus and the water tower make up most of the mise en scene for the beginning of this scene. The establishing shot sets up the context for the scene establishing they are arriving for a normal day at middle school, this also emphasizes the youth of the boys because it places them in a setting associated with children. Stranger things is set in the 80's and uses many forms of intertextuality from the 80s. A large focus of stranger things is the comradery of the children as seen in many 80s classics such as 'it' and 'et' which the duffer brothers took inspiration form. As the boys are riding into school peaceful background music can be heard to imply the boys have not learned of Wills disappearance and it is still just a regular day to them. We then have a close up shot of the bike rack, with the first of the four slots being empty signifying wills absence, the boys are clattering their bikes into it which can be heard as well as the school bell ringing. The close up of the bikes also suggests the importance of it as we know that Will fell of his bike and left it in the forest which will be their last know place that will was. The bikes are an important element to the boys as it is their mode of transport and they are used frequently throughout the series which is also a reference to other 80’s movies such as ‘the goonies’ which the duffer brothers also took inspiration from. The school bell ringing suggests to the characters that will is late or not coming because he has not arrived. We can tell by the dialogue of the boys that Mike is worried about wills absence because it is not normal for him not to show up. This emphasizes Mikes intuitiveness as he is the only one who seems worried setting us up for later to expect Mike to be the one who takes action to find Will. The boys are wearing youthful, casual clothes expected of the 80s. Next, we have a conversation between Mike, Lucas, Dustin and their bullies. This is a mid-shot as they allow the viewer to pick up on the character's movements and gestures. Body language is important to conveying emotion, and the medium shot remains close enough to capture that emotion. We can see through eh boys' facials expression they are unhappy during this exchange as in particular a racist remark is made to Lucas which again establishes us into the 80s when racial prejudice was still normalized. Some moments of this scene are through a point of view shot so the harsh words of the bullies are more impactful to the audience. As the bullies exit the scene we have another mid shot of the boys as they walk away conversing about how Dustin can’t fight evil with his cleidocranial dysplasia and referencing superpowers which is another intertextuality reference to the 80s as the craze of sci fi spread. This is also ironic as we know later Dustin is able to fight evil against the demagorgans and the mind flayer later in the series.

Your Food Ad Statement Of Intent

AD 1

• Blue background to symbolise trust and dependableness which can establish brand identity
• St Marys Lighthouse in the background to establish the ad in teh north with a northern landmark
• Large slice of Pizza
• Sunny and bright lighting
• modern logo to appeal to a modern audience 
• memorable slogans to stick into the publics mind
• stylish model to appeal to a modern youthful audience 
• Itallics on font to have connotations of speed of delivery

AD 2

• Green grass background to show health and nature to establsih brand identity
• Pizza arranged around the head in an aesthtically pleasing pattern.
• Smiling model to evoke happiness into potenital customers
• Sunny and bright lighting
• modern logo to appeal to a modern audience 
• memorable slogans to stick into the publics mind
• Itallics on font to have connotations of speed of delivery