Fake news is a type of yellow journalism or propaganda that consists of deliberate disinformation or hoaxes spread via traditional print and broadcast news media or online social media.The term is also at times used to cast doubt upon legitimate news from an opposing political standpoint, a tactic known as the lying press.
This has been seen through out history although is generally seen as a more modern prolem. Throughout world war 2 fake news was a big issue with hitlers propaganda.
However in more modern times fake news has been popularised by Donald Trump. A 2018 study at Oxford University found that Trump's supporters consumed the "largest volume of 'junk news' on Facebook and Twitter"One fake news writer, Paul Horner, was behind the widespread hoax that he was the graffiti artist Banksy and had been arrested that a man stopped a robbery in a diner by quoting Pulp Fiction; and that he had an "enormous impact" on the 2016 U.S. presidential election, according to CBS News.These stories consistently appeared in Google's top news search results.
A more deatiled explanation on impact:
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/0/fake-news-exactly-has-really-had-influence/
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